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Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 alters the microbiota composition in the cecum but not the feces in a piglet model

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posted on 2023-06-15, 04:24 authored by Wayne Young, Paul MacleanPaul Maclean, Kelly Dunstan, Leigh Ryan, Jason PetersJason Peters, Kelly Armstrong, Rachel AndersonRachel Anderson, Hilary DewhurstHilary Dewhurst, Melanie Van Gendt, Ryan N. Dilger, James Dekker, Neill Haggarty, Nicole Roy

The probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus strain HN001 has been shown to have several beneficial health effects for both pediatric and maternal groups, including reduced risk of eczema in infants and gestational diabetes and postnatal depression in mothers. While L. rhamnosus HN001 appears to modify immune and gut barrier biomarkers, its mode of action remains to be fully elucidated. To gain insights into the role of HN001 on the infant microbiome, the impacts of L. rhamnosus HN001 supplementation was studied in 10-day old male piglets that were fed either infant formula, or infant formula with L. rhamnosus HN001 at a low (1.3 × 105 CFU/ml) or high dose (7.9 × 106 CFU/ml) daily for 24 days. The cecal and fecal microbial communities were assessed by shotgun metagenome sequencing and host gene expression in the cecum and colon tissue was assessed by RNA-seq. Piglet fecal samples showed only modest differences between controls and those receiving dietary L. rhamnosus HN001. However, striking differences between the three groups were observed for cecal samples. While total lactobacilli were significantly increased only in the high dose L. rhamnosus HN001 group, both high and low dose groups showed an up to twofold reduction across the Firmicutes phylum and up to fourfold increase in Prevotella compared to controls. Methanobrevibacter was also decreased in HN001 fed piglets. Microbial genes involved in carbohydrate and vitamin metabolism were among those that differed in relative abundance between those with and without L. rhamnosus HN001. Changes in the cecal microbiome were accompanied by increased expression of tight junction pathway genes and decreased autophagy pathway genes in the cecal tissue of piglets fed the higher dose of L. rhamnosus HN001. Our findings showed supplementation with L. rhamnosus HN001 caused substantial changes in the cecal microbiome with likely consequences for key microbial metabolic pathways. Host gene expression changes in the cecum support previous research showing L. rhamnosus HN001 beneficially impacts intestinal barrier function. We show that fecal samples may not adequately reflect microbiome composition higher in the gastrointestinal tract, with the implication that effects of probiotic consumption may be missed by examining only the fecal microbiome. 

Funding

Smarter Lives: New opportunities for dairy products across the lifespan

Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment

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Rights statement

© 2022 Young, Maclean, Dunstan, Ryan, Peters, Armstrong, Anderson, Dewhurst, van Gendt, Dilger, Dekker, Haggarty and Roy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

Publication date

2022-10-28

Project number

  • 11600

Language

  • English

Does this contain Māori information or data?

  • No

Publisher

Frontiers Media S.A.

Journal title

Frontiers in Nutrition

ISSN

2296-861X

Volume/issue number

9

Page numbers

1002369

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