Applying ecosystem-based geodesign approach to support sustainable agricultural landscapes management

<p dir="ltr">Ecosystem services-based management (EBM) is an interdisciplinary approach that integrates multiple ecosystem services covering ecological, socio-cultural, and economic factors to develop a comprehensive management strategy for protecting and enhancing sustainable use of land resources (Delacámara et al., 2020). To date the relevance of applying this approach to exploring future land use and sustainable development of agricultural landscapes in New Zealand has not been fully explored (Pearson, 2020). The incorporation of the ecosystem services into agricultural land use decision-making, especially at the farm scale, is limited (Dominati et al., 2021). There is also little evidence of the application of a design-driven perspective to land use planning which considers the participation and contribution of farmers as a key factor in the planning process (Eastwood et al., 2022). Therefore, the use of EBM within a design framework that incorporates participatory planning could enable the creation of a useful decision support system for sustainable land use planning and environmental management at the farm scale.</p>